Liquidambar styraciflua

Renowned for its unparalleled autumn hues, the American Sweetgum has become a popular choice for avenue plantings. Originating from the damp, swampy terrains of America, this tree caught the attention of Spanish herbalist, Franco Hernandez, who aptly named it ‘Liquidambar’ due to its aromatic resin. It was introduced to England in 1681 by British botanist, John Bannister.

During its initial stages, this tree exhibits a narrow, pyramidal shape. However, as it matures, its branches expand outward from a sturdy central axis. Its distinctive corky bark extends along these branches, resembling scales, which earned it the name ‘alligator wood’. Observing rainwater flow through these textured crevices during downpours offers a captivating sight.

Come spring, the tree unfurls vibrant green leaves. These are shaped like stars with typically five deep lobes, alternate rather than mirroring each other like the Acer campestre. When crushed, they emit a pleasing resinous aroma due to their tannin content. As summer wanes, the leaf colours evolve into a magnificent spectrum of crimsons, marmalade oranges, and amber golds. Full sun and moist soil are optimal conditions for this tree and will amplify its autumn colour into vibrant purples and radiant reds.

In summer, the tree bears spherical fruits, termed burr balls, initially appearing green. By autumn, they darken, often persisting on the tree through winter. Beware of these dropping ‘gum sticker balls’ when planting landscaping beneath the tree.

While striking as a standalone specimen, its beauty truly shines when lining avenues or gracing broad streets.